Friendship. To have a true friend is much more than to have a lots of money. If you have a true friend, kind friend, who care for you when you feeling down, or can teach you to smile and laugh again when you are sad, – you can consider your self as lucky!

It’s a big joy, when you have someone – right one, realizing just whom you really are inside and loving you for it.

Hope. We can’t live without it. We all hope for our dreams come true, we hope that we grow to love one person madly1, blissfully2, until the end of our life, and we all hope, that we have one piece of ridiculous3 stupendous4 luck:

…like a mammoth5 lottery win;

…like a long meeting with the person we most admire6;

…like becoming a star, a leader;

…like taking a long, long holiday in a place that captures7 our hearts.

“…If we able to love deeply, grow strong friendships, have timely rewording work and develop that central base to happiness, a commitment8 to our own personal values.9″

/Helen Exley/

1. Mad - pamises, beprotis.
2. Blissful – laimingas, palaimingas.
3. Ridiculous – juokingas, absurdiskas, kvailas.
4. Stupendous – nuostabus, stulbinantis, didziulis, milziniskas; nepaprastai, nenusakomai svarbus.
5. Mammoth – mamutas; milziniskas, didziulis.
6. Admire – 1) susizaveti; geretis. 2) amer., snek. – troksti.
7. Capture - 1) paemimas nelaisven, sulaikymas; 2) grobis; 3) prizas.
8. Commitment - 1) isipareeigojimas; pazadas; 2) iteikimas, perdavimas; 3) (nusikaltimo) ivykdymas
9. Value - vertingumas, verte; reiksme.

12^B klasės mokinė

Violeta Vasilevičiūtė

Charles Chaplin

Charles Spencer Chaplin was the comedian, the greatest film comic in the history of mankind. The actor was born in 1889 in the London East End. Sydney was his brother, fuor years older than Charles. Chaplin’s parents were actors. Two children adored their mother for her blue eyes and long light brown hair. Littlle Charlie cuoldn’t remember his father. Mother told him that he was a very good artist. But the trouble was he drank too much. Taht was the cause of their separation. During Charlie’s chidhood, the family travelled a lot in England.

At the age of 14, Charlie became a dancer in the music hall. After some time he joined the actors group where he played the main comedy parts. In 1913 Chaplin went to the United States. There he became the world famous star. Later the actor built his own film studios and in 1920 was the producer of his ows work. Charles Chaplin worked in Hollywood till 1952. The actor had several invitations from the Academy to receive a special Academy  award for his films.

His most famous films are: “A dog’s life”, “The kid” (1917-1918), “The gold rush” (1925), “City light” (1931), “Modern times” (1936). His last American film, “Limelight”, was made in 1952. “A king in New York” which Chaplin made in England in 1957, reflected his bitterness towards America. Charles Chaplin made his film “A countess from Hong Kong” at the age of  77 in London in 1966. The film was not a critical or commercial success.

In 1952 the famous actor went to Switzerland. People loved him as a circus clown. During the intervals of film making Charles Chaplin wrope “My autobiography”. The world famous comedian died in 1977.

Galileo

Galileo, an Italian, invented the telescope over three hundred and fifty years ago. As he could see so far with the instrument, he called it a “telescopio”, from the Greek word “teleskopos”, which means “seeing from a distance”. The “tele” part of the Greek word means “far off”. The English form of the Italian “telescopio” is “telescope”.

Many scientists had followed Galileo’s invention. They created words beginning with “tele”. A telephone brings voices from far off, the telegraph bringst writing from far off, and television brings pictures from a distance. The “vision” part of “television” comes from the Latin word “videre” that is “to see” and “video”, which is another word for “television”, is just the Latin word for “I see”.

When radio was invented, the word “broadcast” was used to describe what was transmitted by radio. The word “broadcast” means “to scatter abroad”. Now pictures are sent abroad as well as voices, and a new English word has been made up from “television” and “broadcast” – “telecast”.

The elderly in America

The United States has been criticized for its treatment of its elderly citizens. Although in many other countries the elderly usually live with children’s family, many older Americans live alone, without the close companionship of their children. This situation is sometimes blamed on the “selfishness” of the younger generation, but a closer look reveals that many of the elderly prefer to maintain their independent lives.

Research on the situation of the elderly in America has shown that while grandparents are delighted to be visited from time to time by their children and grandchildren, they prefer to continue living in the surrounding that they are familiar with. This suggests that children should permit their parents to live alone if they wish to, but should encourage them to maintain close ties to the rest of the family.

Another surprising result of research on the elderly in the United States has been the very positive influence which pets have been found to have on the older that they live with. It has been shown that elderly people who care for small pets, such as cats and dogs, live longer, are healthier, and have better attitudes towards their lives than similar older people without these companions.

A camping trip

One can have much fun in a camping trip. To enjoy such a trip, you should also enjoy primitive living, food cooked outdoor, and lots of exercise. A necessity for your trip is a good tent. It should be light enough to carry, but made of a strong cloth like canvas. At first, you will need time to adjust to the new environment: camping is very different from staying in a luxurious hotel. If you are fleible, you will adjust quickly, and you will find that camping is a good way to relax after a tense city life.

Tips for travellers

No matter what kind of holidays you prefer – sightseeing in a big city, relaxing on a sunny beach, or exploring a new country – following these tips will make your trip easy and joyful.

Make your plans early. If you wait too long, you might not get the reservations or the tickets you want. Also, by planning ahead, you might be able to save money by taking advantage of bargain rates.

Make sure your papers are in order. There are some papers you must take with you. If you are going to another country, you’ll need a passport and, perhaps, a visa. If several countries are in your plans, you might need a visa for each one of them. Arranging these paper can take  weeks, so be sure to start in good time.

After you have your tickets, reservations, and official papers, you should collect the other papern you might need, such as an international driver’s licence, insurance information, and your medical records.

Investigate your destination, You’ll enjoy your trip more if you know something about the place you’re visiting. Maps, travel books guidebooks, geography books, and tourist brochures will help you decide the best things to do and see. As you learn about your destination, you’ll be able to decide what to take with you. It’s best to buy needed clothes or equipment a few weeks before you leave. If you get new shoes, wear them for a few days and find out if they’re really comfortable.

The first reason for supporting pets is that their benefits for children are undeniable. Keeping a pet is an important part of every child’s childhood and plays a big role in both their physical and mental development. It teaches children how to play with them, look around them, while at the same time aiding tolerance and understanding of each other.

From a social standpoint, pets play a large role in many lonely people’s lives. Nowadays more than ever lonely people are fond of keeping pets, because it helps to raise their mood, when they are in low spirits and not to feel so extremely lonely.

The final point in favour of keeping a pet is that there are a lot of people who are crazy about attending various animals’ exhibitions and showing the best points of their pets to the others.

However, there are drawbacks to keeping a pet and perhaps the most obvious one is that pets cause a lot of damage. In fact, a lot of people face with this problem. To avoid it they always have to look around their pet and try not to keep it in rooms which are full of valuable things.

Secondly some people can’t keep pets because of their health, usually they are allergious and cannot live with a pet in the same place.

Furthermore some pets, especially dogs dislike little children and they are likely to bite them. It is advisable to think twice before buying a pet and consider both positive and negative points.

In conclusion, there are strong arguments both for and against the keep of pets. Yet, despite the health problems, risk to valuable things, it seems that more and more people are keen on keeping pets at home and their benefits are invaluable.

First of all, most people watch TV to get away from reality. Watching shows that depict a fantasy world is a lot more interesting to watch. People do not want to see things that happen to them when they watch TV. Watching TV relieves stress and can be good for your health. Doctors say that laughter is good for your health.

On the other health, violence on TV is a very debatable issue. Some people say that it is totally wrong and that it should be banned. Most people like violence and find it to be very entertaining. Parents find it very hard to restrict their kids from watching violent television programs. The child would be curious to find out what is so wrong about the program. Some people get wrong messages or get bad ideas from watching some shows. If parents were to educate their children before watching shows like “Peterburgo banditai” “CSI kriminalistai”, “Ozas” and “Mentai”, then they would not have to worry about their child getting wrong messages. Television shows also send out wrong messages to adults too. People who watch shows like “Peterburgo banditai” may and try the violent acts that are shown on this show.

In conclusion, TV can make a very strong influence and can have a major affect on the ways we see things. Some people feel that violence on television should be banned. Other people feel that it is entertaining.

Looking at advertisement s today is a bit like walking through a carnival hall of mirrors, when the elements of our ordinary lives are magnified and exaggerated, but are still recognizable. Ad is one of marketing mix tools, which is widely used to stimulate demand and create an image of product and an image of those of those who possess this product. But the purpose of this research paper is to look at ad as a communication process and to show how image of human can be created trough this communication.

So, the object of study is a print ad.

Subject is ad’s impact in creation image of woman.

This research paper consists of four parts. In chapter 1 and 2 there is talking about the main conditions, which have to be for ad existing and the

1. The Fundamental Social and Economic Influences That Fostered Ad’s Rise

In many discussions of the evolution of ad, the process is often portrayed as having its origins in ancient times. But whatever those ancients were doing, they were not advertising, because ad exist only as mass-mediated communication. So, while cavemen and cavewomen were communicated with persuasive intent and even in a commercial context, they were not using ad.

There are four major factors, which made ad to exist:

1.       The Rise of Capitalism. The tents of capitalism warrant that organizations compete for resources, called capital, in a free market environment. Part of this competition involves stimulating demand for the organization’s goods and services. One of the tools used to stimulate demand is ad.

2.       The Industrial Revolution. The industrial Revolution (it began about 1750 in England) was basic force behind the rapid increase in mass – produced supply of goods that required stimulation of demand, something that ad can be very good at. So, by providing a need of ad, the Industrial Revolution was a basic influence in its emergence.

3.       Manufacturer’s pursuit of power in the channel of distribution. Manufacturers had to develop brand names so that consumer could focus his attention on a clearly identified item. They began branding their products in the late 1800s. Ones a product had a brand mark and name that consumers could identify, the process of demand stimulation could take place. And the essential tool in stimulating demand of brand is ad.

4.       The rise of mass communication. With the invention of the telegraph in1844, a communication revolution was set. But probably even more important in terms of ad was the rise of the mass circulation magazines. Many new magazines designed for lager and less social privileged audiences made magazines both available mass advertising medium and a democratizing influence an Americans society. The ads took on social class identities and helped to link product with class, circumstance and aspiration.

Before the Industrial Revolution, ad presence in the United States was barely noticeable. With an explosion in economic growth around the turn of the century, modern ad was born. The 1920s established ad as a major force on the U.S. economic system. With the Great Depression and World War II, cynicism and paranoia began to grow regarding ad. This concern led to refinements in practice and more careful regulation of ad in1960s and 1970s. Consumption was again in vogue during the Republican era of the 1980s. The present era has one significant character about the ad – it became interacting. But the very nature of ad is not going to change. Ad will still be a paid, mass-mediated attempt to persuade. The most dramatic change will be in the way ad is prepared and delivered to target audience.

Talking about Lithuania and ad, it is necessary to point out that all upper written conditions were there until World War II, after which 50 years lasted occupation began. So, until 1940s, I think, the using of ad was similar as in any West European country or U.S. During occupation there were no ads in that sense in which we understand it today in Lithuania. Everything was under ideology control, and in some cases, I think, this ideology play role of ad. At that time, in 1950s, the issue of “mind control” became an American paranoia and many people suspected that ad, which existed only in West Europe and U.S., was tool of mind control. There were only two little differences – you cannot choose and the ideology wasn’t paid.

In 1990s the new era has begun. Lithuania received independence and all four conditions, in which exists ad, were set again. In 1991 there was no so much ad in all media. But when the foreign or join stock companies appeared, the bum of ad has begun. It was a modern and in many cases made in foreign ads, because there was no traditions of making ads, no advertising agencies in Lithuania.

Nowadays the situation has changed a little: there were set advertising agencies, research institutions. But major part of ad’s market still has foreign companies. Thus ad is in use almost 10 years there is no one main low which could regulate ad.

So, social, economic, politic trends, along with technological development are major determinants of way ad is practiced in any society.

2. Magazines as Medium

During the long period of maturation of the reading public in modern society, magazines took a special niche in mediated communication located some where between newspapers and books and borrowing ideas and writing style from both. Magazines underwent several periods of development and transformations being influenced by other media and in turn exerting notable influences on them. They were the first major competitors with newspapers of ad and remain a significant part of the ad marketplace today.

Magazines responded to the challenge by offering new attraction to prospective advertisers. A number of them set up a department with research services that they offered to interested advertisers. So, magazines became innovators of services by advertisers as well as contents. The knowledge of researches allowed advertisers more tactical leeway in placing ads. Beginning in the 1930s, social researches served to unify business, advertising, and the mass media and through them the further development of American culture.

More males than females are affected by alcoholism, but drinking among the young and among women is increasing. Consumption of alcohol is apparently on the rise in the United States, as is the total alcohol consumption and prevalence of alcohol-related problems in the former communist countries of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. This increase is paralleled in other countries, including developing nations. After 1980, however, consumption remained relatively stable in many western European nations.

Development

Alcoholism, as opposed to merely excessive or irresponsible drinking, has been thought of as a symptom of psychological or social stress or as a learned, maladaptive coping behaviour. More recently, and probably more accurately, it has come to be viewed as a complex disease in its own right. Alcoholism usually develops over a period of years. Alcohol comes to be used more as a mood-changing drug than as a foodstuff or beverage served as a part of social custom or religious ritual.

Initially, the alcoholic may demonstrate a high tolerance to alcohol, consuming more and showing fewer adverse effects than others. Subsequently, however, the person begins to drink against his or her own best interests, as alcohol comes to assume more importance than personal relationships, work, reputation, or even physical health. The person commonly loses control over drinking and is increasingly unable to predict how much alcohol will be consumed on a given occasion or, if the person is currently abstaining, when the drinking will resume again. Physical addiction to the drug may occur, sometimes eventually leading to drinking around the clock to avoid withdrawal symptoms.

Effects

Alcohol has direct toxic as well as sedative effects on the body, and failure to take care of nutritional and other physical needs during prolonged periods of excessive drinking may further complicate matters. Advanced cases often require hospitalization. The effects on major organ systems are cumulative and include a wide range of digestive-system disorders such as ulcers, inflammation of the pancreas, and cirrhosis of the liver. The central and peripheral nervous systems can be permanently damaged. Blackouts, hallucinations, and extreme tremors may occur. The latter symptoms are involved in the most serious alcohol withdrawal syndrome, delirium tremens, which can prove fatal despite prompt treatment. This is in contrast to withdrawal from narcotic drugs such as heroin, which, although distressing, rarely results in death. Recent evidence has shown that heavy-and even moderate-drinking during pregnancy can cause serious damage to the unborn child: physical or mental retardation, or both; a rare but severe expression of this damage is known as foetal alcohol syndrome.

HISTORY OF ALCOHOL

Thousands of years ago people began to make alcohol for practical reasons. Wine making began with the early Egyptians who found that grape juise spoiled quickly,but that fermented juise or wine would keep without spoiling.They also had problems with impure water,and the Egyptians noticed that people did not sick ower wine,but they often became ill when they drank inpure water.In later years,wine became inportant to the Roman Catholic Church throughuot Europe because wine was used to celebrate the sacrament of the Mass.By the 1300′s,beer industry had emerged in Central Europe.At this time,wine was also continuing to grow in popularity;many brands named for the places in which they originated.At first alcohol was desined for the practical reasons,its use changed.People began to experiment with different types of alcohol.Alcohol became an integral part of European culture.We need to understand the harmful effects of alcohol,because it can be fatal.

To the north of the state’s 97,073 square miles (251,419 square kilometres)of land and inland water lies Washington, from which Oregon receives the waters of the Columbia River; to the east, Idaho, more than half of the border with which is formed by the winding Snake River and its Hells Canyon, the deepest gorge on the North American continent; to the south, Nevada and California, with which Oregon shares its mountain and desert systems; and, to the west, the Pacific Ocean, which produses the moderate climate of Oregon’s western lands.

The forested mountains of western and northeastern Oregon have supplied the traditional core of the state’s economy. Its many forest-product plants produce more than one-fith of the nation’s softwood lumber, much of its soft plywood, and large quantites of hardboard, pulp, and paper. Nationally, Oregon ranks first in the production of wood products. In addition, the multipurpose development of the Columbia River system provides huge quantites of electrcity, water for irrigation and industry, shipping channels, and water for recreation. The hearthland the major cities of Portland, Eugene, and Salem (the capital) and a rich diversified agriculture.

PHYSICAL AND HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

THE LAND.Relief.oregon has nine major landform regions. Of them the forest-blanketed Coast Range, which borders the Pacific Ocean from the Coquile River northward, is the lowest. Its elevations are usually below 2,000 feet, but Marys Peak, southwest of Corvallis, reaches 4,098 feet (1,249 metres).

The Klamath Mountains, which extend from California, lie south of the Coast Range and west of the Cascades. Of ancient resistant rocks, they have had a complicated geologic history. They are higher and more rugged than the Coast Range and lack the north-south orentation. The Rogue River, bisecting the area, provides the major drainage. Thick forests grow on these mountains, which also contain rich mineral deposits.

The Willamete valley is essentaly an alluval plain produced burying stream- modifed lowland with enormous quantites of sediments brought down by tributary streams from the bordering mountains. The low, hilly areas in the central and northern poritons are composed of resistant rocks. This valley contains the prime land of the state, and its soils aupport intensive agriculture.

The Cascade Range forms a broad lava plateau.the wider western section is deeply eroed by numerousstreams fed by heavy precipitation. The eastern section, less dissected, is crowned with a chain of volcanic peaks. Mount Hood, reaching 11,239 feet (3,428 metres) above sea level, is the higest peak in Oregon, and Mount Jefferson, rising to 10,497 feet(3,199 metres), is the second higest.

The Blue Wallowa mountains comprise two higland masses in the northeastern part of the state. The name Blue Mountains refers to the eroded plateus and ranges extending westward from the agriculturally important La Grande and Baker valleys. Basins and valleys, headquarters for large cattle ranches, are scattered throughthe Blue Mountains. The Wallowa Mountains, east of the La Grande and Baker valleys and near the Idaho border, contain the higest elevations in northeastern Oregon. They were heavily glaciated and display spectacular scenery.

The area of the High Lava Plains, or High Desert, is located south of the Blue Mountains and eastward from ythe Cascade Range. It is the youngest and least eroded of the landform regions of Oregon, but the smoothness of the surface is broken by cinder cones, buttes, and craters; other features include immatury of erosion and localized interior drainage. Low preciptation, short and eratic growing seasons, and the absence of soil in many places result in an arid landscape of skimpy vegetation, with the details of the surface features commonly visible.

The Great Basin of the Basin and Range Province to the south, which merges with the High Lava Plains, has long, narrow, asymmetrical fault block ranges that alternate with wide basins. Small volcanoes are numerous in the western portion, where pumice modifies surface runoff, vegetation, and land use. Irrigation agriculture is practiced in the Upper Klamath Lake area, and hay is grown with irrigation in a number of other basins and valleys, but most of this region is used by range livestock.

Climate. Oregon’s climates range from equable, mild, marine conditions on the coast to continental conditions of dryness and extreme temperature in the interior. Location with respect to the ocean, prevailing wind and storm paths, and topography and elevation are the principal climatic control factors.

The narrow coastal area and the bordering mountain slopes are marine influenced. Temperatures are mild and equable.

The lowlands of the Willimette. Umpqua, and middle Rogue rivers are warmer in summer, slightly cooler in winter, and have less precipitation than the coast.

The Cascade Range has copious winter preciptation including phenomenal snow depth.and short, dry, sunny summers.

The north central Oregon plateu receives 10 to 20 inches of preciptation annually. Distibution is fairly even, but the majority of the rainy days occur in winter. Summers are warm and sunny.

The Blue-Wallowa mountains have climates that vary with location. The intermonate basins and valleys are similar to the north central plateu with colder winters. While the higer, exposed elevations receive heavy preciptation, much of it in the form of snow during winter.

Plant and animal life. Forests cover about 30,000,000 acres(12,000,000 hectares)of Oregon. In the eastern twothirds of the state, ponderosa pine, large sagebrush, and western juniper predominate, along with various annual grasses and wildflowers. Oregon’s animal life is related to its climatic zones. Deer and elk flourish in less populated parts; antelope are found in the eastern high plateu; and bear and fox, in the mountain foothils. The lakes are breeding grounds for waterfowl and resting places for migratory birds.

2. It is easy to make fun of these three papers, but in fact they are not funny. Although they have very large circulations indeed, they only just miss being completely honourable and serious journals, in fact ‘highbrow’. The American organism is not quite healthy. It indicates how very nearly New York has achieved the ideal of a humanist society, where the best of which an artist is capable is desired by the greatest number. Thurber’s drawings, Hersey’s Hiroshima, the essays of Edmund Wilson or Mary McCarthy, Time’s anonymous reviews, show that occasionally the gap is closed; when it is closed permanenty the dreams of Santayana will be near fulfilment.

3. But these anxiety-forming predicaments (Time-stomach is a common trouble) are for those who live in New York and have to earn they living. To the visiting non-competitive European all is unending delight. The shops, the bars, the women, the faces in the street, the excellent and innumerable restaurants, the glitter of Twenty-one, the old-world letharly of the Lafayette, the hazy view of the East River or Central Park over tea in some apartment at the magic hour when the concrete iceberg suddenly flare up; the impressionist pictures in one house, the exotic trees or bamboo furniture in another, the chick of ‘old-fashioneds’ with their little glass pestles. If Paris is the setting for a romance, New York is the perfect city in which to get over one, to get over anything. Here the lost douceur de vivre is forgotten and the intoxication of living takes its place.

4. What is this intoxication? Firtly, health. The American diet is energy- producing. Health is not just the absence of disease, but a positive physical sensation. The European, his voice dropping a tone every day, finds himself growing stouter, balder, more extroverted and aggressive, conscious of a place in what is still, despite lip-service, a noisily masculine society. Then there is the sensation of belonging to a great nation in its present prosperous period of triumph. But, in addition to ‘feeling good,’ the Americans are actively generous and kind and it is this profusion of civilities which ravishes the visitor.

5. What are the alternatives? We may stay on and coarsen-many English writers do-into shapely executives or Park Avenue brandy philosophrers; we can fight like Auden for privacy and isolation, or grow bitter and fitzrovian in the ‘Village atmosphere’-or we can try elsewhere. Cape Cod or Connecticut have their devotees, but these havens are the rewards of success, not its incubator. Boston, last stronghold of a leisured class, offers a select enlighternment of which a contemporary Englishman is just downright unworthy. Washington has immense charm, the streets of Georgetown with their ilexes and magnolias and little white box-house are like corners of Chelsea or Exeter, but a political nexus offers few resoyrces to the artist who is outside the administration, and the lovely surrounding, are not places in which he can hope to earn a living.

6. Let us try California. The night place circles round La Guardia, leaves behind the icy water of the Sound and that sinister Stonehenge of economic man, the Rockefeller Center, to disappear over the Middle West. Vast rectangles of light occasionally indicate Chicago or some other well-planned city, till at six in the morning we ground in the snow of Omaha. As it grows light the snow-fields over the whole agricultural region of the Middle West grow more intricate, the Great Plais give way  to the Bad Lands, poison ivy to poison oak, the sinuosities of the Platte rivers to the Hight Plais, the mountains of Wyoming, the Continental Divide.

7. San Francisco is a city of charming people and hideous buildings, mostly erected after the earthquake in the style of 1910, with a large Chinatown in which everything is fake-except the the Chinese-with a tricky humid climate (though sunny in winter), and a maddening indecision in the vegetation-which can never decide if it belongs to the North or South and achieves a Bournemouth compromise. The site is fantastically beautiful, the orange bridge, the seven hills, the white houses, the waterside suburbs across the Golden Gate give it a lovely strangeness, the sunset view from the ‘Top of the Mark’ is unique-but the buildings lack all dignity and flavour. Yet San Francisco and its surroudings, Marin Country, Berkeley, Sauselito with its three climates, San Mateo where lemon and birch tree grow together, probably represent the most attractive all-the-year-round alternative to Europe which the worl can provide. There is some fog in winter, but generally it is sunny. The sea is there, the mountains and a bathing pool in the redwood forest.

8. Hollywood and Los Angeles are well described by Isherwood. On the whole those who have loved the Mediterranean will not be reconciled here and those who care deeply for books can never settle down to the impermanent world of cinema. Those who do not love the cinema have no business to come.

Take off – pakilti (lėktuvu)

The flight was delayed.The plane took off two hours later than seneduled.

The plane to  Rome was delayed because of fog. What time did it take off?

Come along – vystytis, progresuoti

The work on the house is coming along very well.

Jill says her marketing report is coming along nicely.

Hold on – palaukti

Hold on a minute while I get my breath back.

They managed to hold on until help arrived.

Set off – iškeliauti

It’s a long way to Bristol, so we ought to set off as early as possible.

We did not set off until seven o’clock, so we walked as fast as we could get there on                       time.

Wake up – pabusti

What time did she wake up?

He woke up and found himself in hospital.

Find out – sužinoti

Can you find out what time the train leaves?

Operate  on somebody – operuoti ką nors

The doctors decided to operate on her immediately.

He is a surgeon, but he operates only on children.

Be on – vykti

The film was already on when we arrived.

Is the match on at 3 o’clock?

Put off – atidėti ( kitam kartui )

We have to put off this afternoon meeting.

She always puts off going to the dentist.

Put away – padėti į vietą (pinigus į banką)

Children put your toys away.

He put away a few thousand for his retirement.

Be good at – gerai mokėti, žinoti

Jim is good at math.

Tom is very good at basketball.

By chance – atsitiktinai

By a happy chance a policeman was passing as I was attacked.

Would you by chance have change for 50 pounds.

On purpose – tyčia

She seems to do these things on purpose.

Did he break it accidently? No, on purpose.

Decide on – iŠsirinkti, apsistoti prie

With so many choises it’s hard to decide on ones.

After seeing all the candidates we’ve decided on chosen.

Worry about – rūpintis, nerimauti dėl

Don’t worry about me.

At  high  speed – dideliu greičiu

He drove his car at high speed.

They moved at the speed of 50 kilometres an hour.

Complain about – skųstis dėl

She is always complaining about her work.

They  complainied about the weather on their holidays.

Run out of – baigtis

My passport has run out.

We are running out of petrol.

Their lease on our flat runs out in a few months.

Keen on -  siekti, trokšti

She is very keen on good results.

I know his mother is keen on Tom’s marrying Susan.

Instead of – vietoje (kažko)

In spite of – nežiūrint

They went out in spite of the rain.

Die of – mirti dėl

Ones die of an ilness, hunger, grief, the other for ones’ country.

What did he die of? He died of heart attack.

Reply to – atsakyti į

What did he reply to your challenge?

He failed to reply to a question.

Be ashamed of – gėdytis

You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.

He felt ashamed of having done so little work.

Belong to – priklausyti kam nors

These books belong to my father.

Who does it belong to?

Depend on – priklausyti nuo ko nors

I have not got the car, so I have to depend on the buses.

How much is produced depends on how hard we work.

Consist of – susidėti iŠ

The committee consists of ten members.

This mixture consist of flour and water.

Be late for – vėluoti į

You are late for a work.

Is she always late for meetings?

Leave for – iŠvykti į

The train leaves Kaunas for Vilnius.

When did you decide to leave for Miami?

Famous for – įžymus kažkuo

New York is famous for its skyscrapers.

What is your town famous for?

For sale – pardavimui

I’m sorry this painting is not for sale.

She has put her house  up for sale.

Introduce somebody to somebody – pristatyti (supažindinant)

Allow me to introduce my wife to you.

I was introduced to Jenny at the party.

On sale -  pardavime

The new model is not on sale in the shops.

She gets ten pounds on each sale.

On the contrary – atvirkŠčiai

It doesn’t seem ugly to me , on the contrary, I think it is rather beautiful.

We went to work on the contrary to the doctors orders.

From time to time – kartas nuo karto

He visits his parents time from time.

Substitute  for – pakeisti  (vietoje ko nors)

We must substitute a new chair for the broken one.

Can you substitute for me at the meeting.

Argue about – ginčytis dėl

We argued with the waiter about the price of the meal.

Don’t argue with your mother about it.

Excited about – susijaudinęs dėl

It’s nothing toget excited about.

She felt excited about her journey to Spain.

Live on – pragyventi iš

She lived on for many years after her husband died.

You can’t live on 200 dollars a week.

Satisfied with – patenkintas

He wasn’t satisfied with the results on passing exams.

Work for -  dirbti kam nors

She works for an engineering company.

Work on – dirbti ką nors

He is working on a new novel now.

His charm doesn’t work on me.

Because of – dėl

They are here because of us.

He walked slowly  because  of  his dog.

Keep  in touch with – palaikyti ryšius su

Have you noticed how he tries to keep in touch with the boss?

Do you often keep in touch with your parents?